Selected Publications
Xiaobing Zhou, Assistant Professor of Geophysics
Publications in peer-reviewed journals:
  1. Song, K., X. Zhou, Y. Fan, "Empirically adopted IEM for retrieval of soil moisture from radar backscattering coefficients", IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, accepted.
  2. Zhou, X., "General line integrals for gravity anomalies of irregular two-dimensional (2D) masses with horizontally- and vertically-dependent density contrast", Geophysics, accepted.
  3. Song, K., Y. Fan, X. Zhou, "Broadband millimeter-wave passive spatial combiner based on coaxial waveguide". IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, accepted.
  4. Zhou, X., H. Guan, H. Xie, and J. L. Wilson, "Analysis and Optimization of NDVI Definitions and Areal Fraction Models in Remote Sensing of Vegetation", International Journal of Remote Sensing, in press
  5. Song, K., Y. Fan, and X. Zhou, “Investigation of broadband power amplifier with high power-combining efficiency”, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 50(8), 2178-2181, 2008. PDF.
  6. Zhou, X., "2D vector gravity potential and line integrals for the gravity anomaly caused by a 2D mass of depth-dependent density contrast", Geophysics, 73 (6), I43-I50, 2008. PDF.
  7. Song, K., Y. Fan, X. Zhou, "Broadband multilayer in-phase power divider", Electronics Letters, 44(6), 417-419, 2008. PDF.
  8. Makkeasorn, A., N. B. Chang, and X. Zhou, "Stream flow forecasting with the aid of NEXRAD, sea surface temperatures, and meteorological characteristics using genetic programming", Journal of Hydrology, 352, 336-354, 2008. PDF.
  9. Song, K., Y. Fan, X. Zhou, "X-band broadband substrate integrated rectangular waveguide power divider", Electronics Letters, 44(3), 211-213, 2008. PDF.
  10. Zhou, X., N.-B. Chang, and S. Li, "Detection of Coastal Region Sea Ice Decay from Orthorectified RADARSAT-1 ScanSAR Imagery: A Case Study of Bering Strait and Norton Sound, Alaska", Journal of Environmental Informatics, 10(1), 37-46, 2007. PDF.
  11. Zhou, X., S. Li, K. Morris, and M. O. Jeffries, "Albedo of summer snow on sea ice, Ross Sea, Antarctica", Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D16105, doi:10.1029/2006JD007907, 2007. PDF.
  12. Wang, X., Xie, H., Guan, H., Zhou, X., "Different responses of MODIS-derived NDVI to root-zone soil moisture in semi-arid and humid regions", Journal of Hydrology, 340(1-2), 12-24, 2007. PDF.
  13. Xie , H., X. Zhou, J. Hendrickx, E. Vivoni, H. Guan, Y. Tian, and E. Small,  "Evaluation of NEXRAD Stage III precipitation data over a semiarid region", Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 42(1), 237-256, 2006. PDF.
  14. Zhou, X., H. Xie, and J.M.H. Hendrickx, "Statistical evaluation of remotely sensed snow-cover products with constraints from streamflow and SNOTEL measurements", Remote Sensing of Environment, 94(2), 214-231, 2005. PDF.
  15. Xie, H., X. Zhou, E. Vivoni, E. Small, and J.M.H. Hendrickx, “Development of a GIS based NEXRAD precipitation database: automated approaches for data processing and visualization”, Computers & Geosciences, 31(1), 65-76, 2005. PDF.
  16. Li, S., and X. Zhou, "Modeling and measuring spectral bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) of snow-covered sea ice: An intercomparison study", Hydrological Processes, 18(18), 3559 - 3581, 2004. PDF. This paper has been collected into the Optics InfoBase.
  17. Zhou, X., S. Li, and K. Stamnes, “Effects of vertical inhomogeneity on snow spectral albedo and its implication for optical remote sensing of snow”, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (D23), 4738, doi:10.1029/2003JD003859, 2003. PDF. As cited by Drs. Dozier and Painter in Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science (vol. 32, pp. 465-494, 2004), assumption that the snow can be characterized by a single effective grain radius, and liquid water in the snow does not affect the retrievals of snow cover area and grain size “is often invalid because the penetration depths of different wavelengths vary according to the transparency of ice, so near-surface variability of grain size causes confusing results (Zhou et al., 2003)”.
  18. Zhou, X., and S. Li, “Comparison between in situ and MODIS-derived spectral reflectances of snow and sea ice in the Amundsen sea, Antarctica”, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 24 (24), 5011-5032, 2003. PDF.
  19. Li, S., and X. Zhou,  "Assessment of the accuracy of snow surface direct beam spectral albedo derived under various overcast skies by reciprocal approach through radiative transfer simulation", Applied Optics, 42 (27), 5427-5441, 2003. PDF.
  20. Zhou, X., S. Li, and K. Stamnes,  “Geometrical-optics code for computing the optical properties of large dielectric spheres”, Applied Optics, 42 (21), 4295-4306, 2003. PDF. This paper has been collected into the Optics InfoBase. The code GOMphere was cited by Dr. Thomas Wriedt ( Institut fuer Werkstofftechnik, University of Bremen, Germany) as "GOMsphere is a geometrical-optics program by Xiaobing Zhou to calculate the scattering coefficients and phase function of unpolarized radiation by large dielectric spheres" in his collection of new electromagnetic scattering programs.
  21. Zhou, X., S. Li, and K. Morris, "Measurement of all-wave and spectral albedo of snow surface on the summer sea ice in the Ross Sea ", Annals Glaciology, 33, 267-274, 2001. PDF. (This work was cited by Dr. Robert A. Massom et al. in their paper “Snow on Antarctic sea ice” published in Reviews of Geophysics, 39, 413-445, 2001 as “….In the Ross Sea, for example, Zhou et al. [2001] found that the total albedo of the snow on sea ice decreased between the continent and the ice edge, i.e., from south to north, due to an increase in snow wetness and grain size. …”. It was also cited by Dr Brandt et al in their paper "Surface albedo of the Antarctic sea ice zone", Journal of Climate, 18(17), 3606-3622, 2005; by Dr Tin et al. in their paper "A field and numerical study of the evolution of sea-ice thickness in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, 1998-99", Journal of Glaciology, 50(170), 436-446, 2004.
  22. Zhou, X., G. Sheng, J. Huang, and X. Gong, “Analysis of the effect of erosion and redeposition of divertor plate and the deposition of impurity on life-time of divertor target”, Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics, Vol.18, No.4, 1998.
  23. Zhou, X., G. Sheng, X. Xie, and J. Huang, “Optimization on the temperatures of divertor plasma and divertor plate in the FEB”, Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics, 17 (2), 37-43, 1997.
  24. Zhou, X., Z. Wang, G. Sheng, “Relativistically stochastic acceleration of electrons in plasma driven by a standing wave, Acta Physica Sinica, 44 (11), 1776-1782, 1995.
  25. Zhou, X., X. Deng, C. Zhao, L. Ming, Z. Tian, “The Vlasov equilibrium in the electrostatically plugged tandem mirror machine MM-4U”, Communication of  Theoretical Physics 24 (2), 239-246, 1995.
  26. Wang, Z., X. Qiu, and X. Zhou, “Rigorous h-pairing ground state in an extended Hubbard Model, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 28, 3417-3420, 1995.
  27. Zhou, X., S. Guo, G. Sheng, G. Hu, “Acceleration of a relativistic electron in the ionosphere”, Publications of Purple Mountain Observatory, 13 (3), 233-237, 1994.
  28. Zhou, X., C. Zhao, L. Ming, Z. Tian, “A theoretic study on the confinement configuration in the electrostatically plugged tandem mirror MM-4U”, Nuclear Fusion and Plasma Physics, 14, 11-16, 1994.
  29. Ming, L., R. Ye, G. Wu, Z. Li, X. Zhou, et al., “Experiments on instability and potential confinement in MM-4U Tandem Mirror”, Acta Physica Sinica, 43 (4), 597-603, 1994.
  30. Zhou, X., C. Zhao, “Transition between trapped electrons and runaway electrons induced by electron cyclotron wave in magnetic mirror plasma”, Acta Physica Sinica, 42 (8), 1257-1265, 1993.
  31. Zhou, X., S. Hu, L. Zhang, C. Zhao, “Mass-effect of quarks in freeze-out from quark-gluon plasma”, Chinese Physics Letter 8 (6), 282-285, 1991.
Publications in proceedings of conferences:
  1. Li, S., and X. Zhou, “Comparison among simulated snow-surface bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF), hemispherical-directional reflectance factor (HDRF) and field measurements”, In: Proc. IEEE 2004 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’04), 20-24 September, Anchorage, Alaska, Vol. II, pp. 903-905, 2004.
  2. Marshall, G., and X. Zhou, “Drought Detection in Semi-Arid Regions using Remote Sensing of Vegetation Indices and Drought Indices”, In: Proc. IEEE 2004 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’04), 20-24 September, Anchorage, Alaska, Vol. III, pp.1555-1558, 2004.
  3. Xie, H., E. Small, J. Hendrickx, M. Richmond, and X. Zhou, GIS Based NexRAD Precipitation (Stage 3) Database, Proceedings of the ESRI 2003 User Conference, July 7-11,  San Diego, CA.
  4. Li, S., and X. Zhou, “Accuracy assessment of snow surface direct beam spectral albedo derived from reciprocity approach through radiative transfer simulation” In: Proc. IEEE 2003 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’03) , Vol. II, pp. 839-841, 2003.
  5. Zhou, X., and S. Li, “Sub-pixel Correction in Comparison between In Situ and Satellite Derived Spectral Reflectance”. In: Proc. IEEE 2002 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’02) and 24th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing, 24-28 June, Toronto, Canada, Vol. II, pp. 976-978, 2002.
  6. Zhou, X., and S. Li, “Phase Functions of Large Snow Meltclusters Calculated Using the Geometrical Optics Method”. In: Proc. IEEE 2002 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’02) and 24th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing, 24-28 June, Toronto, Canada, Vol. VI, pp. 3576-3578, 2002.
  7. Li, S., and X. Zhou, “Derivation and Comparison of Bi-directional Reflectance Functions of First-year and Multi-year Sea Ice Types in the Southern Ocean”. In: Proc. IEEE 2002 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’02) and 24th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing, 24-28 June, Toronto, Canada, Vol. III, pp. 1944-1946, 2002.
  8. Li, S., and X. Zhou, “Deriving Reciprocal Kernel Functional Expression of Antarctic Sea Ice Surface BRDF from Field Measurements”, published in: Proc. IEEE 2002 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’02) and 24th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing, 24-28 June, Toronto, Canada, Vol. IV, pp. 2173-2175, 2002.
  9. Li, S., and X. Zhou, “Derivation of surface direct beam spectral albedo for a wide range of incident angles from spectral reflectance measurements under overcast skies”, published in: Proc. IEEE 2001 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’01), 9-13 July 2001, Sydney, Australia, pp.1801-1803, 2001.
  10. Li, S., and X. Zhou, K. Morris and M. Jeffries, “The spatial variability of summer sea ice in the Amundsen sea seen from MODIS, RADARSAT SCANSAR and LANDSAT 7 ETM+ Images”, published in: Proc. IEEE 2001 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’01), 9-13 July 2001, Sydney, Australia, pp.160-162, 2001.
  11. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "Concentration determination of sea ice pressure ridges in the Ross Sea based on radar backscatter and object delineation methods”, published in: Proc. IEEE 2000 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’00), 24-28 July 2000, Hawaii, USA, pp.1323-1325, 2000.
  12. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "Measurement of BRDF of snow and sea ice in the Ross and Amundsen Seas by the visible and near-infrared channels of MODIS", published in: Proc. IEEE 2000 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’00), 24-28 July 2000, Hawaii, USA, pp.1567-1569, 2000.
  13. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "Summer and Winter Snow and Sea Ice Surface Spectral Directional Reflectance and Albedo Measured in the Ross Sea", Published in: Proc. IEEE 1999 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’99), June 28-July 2, 1999, Vol. I, Hamburg, Germany, pp.104-106, 1999.
  14. Li, S., X. Zhou, and K. Morris, "Measurement of Snow and Sea Ice Surface Temperature and Emissivity in the Ross Sea", published in: Proc. IEEE 1999 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS’99), June 28-July 2, 1999, Vol. I, Hamburg, Germany, pp.1034-1036, 1999.
Technical reports:
  1. Zhou, X., and M. S. Tillack, “Assessment of Liquid Metal as the Divertor Surface of a Fusion Power Plant”, UCSD Technical Reports UCSD-ENG-079, Fusion Division, Center for Energy Research, University of California San Diego, January 1998, pp.1-45. The electronic version of it is available at: http://aries.ucsd.edu/LIB/REPORT/UCSD-ENG/UCSD-ENG-079.pdf. This work was later (2001) cited by Dr. Ralph W. Moir (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) as “…. However, your formula is much nicer than Carslaw's which is a series and therefore messy. Your obtaining the spherical solution from a transformation from the finite slab solution (Kammash) I thought was very creative!…”.
  2. Zhou, X., S. Li, and K. Stamnes, “GOMsphere: A Comprehensive Geometrical Optics FORTRAN Code for Computation of Absorption and Single Scattering Properties of Large Dielectric Spheres – Documentation of Algorithm”, Version 1.0, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, May 2003.  Available online at  http://www.ees.nmt.edu/zhou/GOMsphere/GOMsphere-document.pdf.
Presentations at scientific conferences:
  1. Zhou, X., and H. Xie, “GIS Database Establishment of Rainfall and Snow Cover for Upper Rio Grande River Basin from Remotely Sensed Spatial Data”, Fifth Annual River Center Conference, University of Montana, Missoula, September 20-21, 2007.
  2. Zhou, X., H. Guan, H. Xie, and J. L. Wilson, “Unification of NDVI definitions and areal fraction models in remote sensing of vegetation”, AGU 2006 Fall Meeting, B41A-0167, San Francisco, CA, December 11 - 15, 2006.
  3. Zhou, X., S. Li, H. Xie, H. Guan, C. Link, and M. Speece, “Retrieval of Liquid Water Content from Radar Backscattering Coefficient for Soil-snow Mixed Terrain”, INSA Space Policy Institute '05 Conference, Big Sky, Montana, September 16-18, 2005.
  4. Xie, H., H. Guan, X. Zhou, and J. L. Wilson, “Relation of below-root-zone soil moisture and surface NDVI from optical remote sensing imagery”, ASPRS 2005 Annual conference, Baltimore, Maryland, March 7-11, 2005.
  5. Xie, H., E. R. Vivoni, X. Zhou, and J. Hendrickx, Rainfall Climatology of the Monsoon Season in New Mexcio: Observations from NEXRAD Stage III (1996-2003), 16th Symposium on Global Change & Climate Variations and 85th AMS Annual Meeting, January 9-13, 2005, San Diego, CA.
  6. Xie, H., X. Zhou, and J. Hendrickx, Evaluation of MODIS snow-cover products with constraints from streamflow and SNOTEL data. 2004 AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, 13–17 December 2004.
  7. Zhou, X., H. Xie, and J. Hendrickx, “Statistical evaluation of MODIS daily and 8-day product with constraints from streamflow and SNOTEL measurements in the Upper Rio Grande River basin”, First Workshop on Earth Observing System (EOS) Snow and Ice Products, 16-17 November 2004, Raytheon Building, Landover, Maryland.
  8. Li, S., & X. Zhou, “Modeling and measuring spectral bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) of snow: An intercomparison study”, Workshop on Hydrological Modeling of Freshwater Discharge from the Alaskan Aarctic Coast. October 7-8, 2004, International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska, USA.
  9. Xie, H., G. R. Keller, and X. Zhou, “GIS-based automated time-series remote sensing data conversion and information retrieval”, GSA Abstracts, Vol. 36, No. 5. GSA Annual Meetings, Denver, Colorado, November 7-10, 2004.
  10. Zhou, X., H. Xie, G. Marshall, and H. Guan, “Spectral signature and emissive characteristics of drought-stressed vegetation – implication for remote sensing of drought stress”, ASPRS 2004 Annual Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 23-28, 2004.
  11. Xie, H., J. Hendrickx, E. R. Vivoni, and X. Zhou, 2004. “Estimation of spatial-temporal rainfall frequency during the New Mexico monsoon period using archived, high-resolution NEXRAD radar products”, ASPRS 2004 Annual Conference, Denver, Colorado, May 23-28, 2004.
  12. Li, S., and X. Zhou, "Comparison of simulated spectral bidirectional reflectance function of snow-covered austral summer sea ice with measurement", EOS Trans. AGU, 84(46), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract C42C-06, 2003.
  13. Li, S., and X. Zhou, "Sensitivity of Estimation of Snow Surface Direct Beam Spectral Albedo by Reciprocity Approach to Various Sky and Surface Conditions, AGU 2002 Fall Meeting, Eos Trans. Suppl. 83(47), p. F539, 2002.
  14. Zhou, X., S. Li, and K. Morris, “Spatial variation of, and correlations among, snow surface albedo and physical parameters of summer snow cover on sea ice in the Ross Sea, Antarctica”, EOS Trans. AGU, 82(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract IP51A-0724, 2001.
  15. Li, S., and X. Zhou, “Post-processing of Bi-directional reflectance distribution function measurements of summer sea ice in the Southern Ocean”, EOS Trans. AGU, 82(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract IP42A-0690, 2001.
  16. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "Comparison of ground-measured spectral reflectance of snow and sea ice in the southern ocean with MODIS-retrieved values",  4th International Symposium on Remote Sensing in Glaciology, College Park, MD (USA), 4-8 Jun 2001. (World Meeting Number 000 5481).
  17. Li, S., X. Zhou, K. Morris, and M. Jeffries, "Variability of summer sea ice in the Southern Ocean seen from MODIS and RADARSAT images",  4th International Symposium on Remote Sensing in Glaciology, College Park, MD (USA), 4-8 Jun 2001. (World Meeting Number 000 5481).
  18. Li, S., X. Zhou, K. Morris, and M. Jeffries, "Vaidation of MODIS derived sea ice cover and ice-surface temperature in the Southern Ocean", International Symposium on Sea Ice & Its Interactions with the Ocean Atmosphere and Biosphere, Fairbanks, Alaska (USA), 19-23 Jun 2000. (World Meeting Number 000 5219).
  19. Zhou, X., S. Li, and K. Morris, "Measurements and modeling of solar radiation and albedo on the summer melting snow and sea ice in the Ross Sea", International Symposium on Sea Ice & Its Interactions with the Ocean Atmosphere and Biosphere, Fairbanks, Alaska (USA), 19-23 Jun 2000. (World Meeting Number 000 5219).
  20. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "Measurement of the albedo of melting snow and sea ice in the Ross Sea 1999 and its comparison with modeling results", (Abstracts), in EOS, Transaction, American Geophysical Union, 1999 Fall Meeting, Volume 80, No.46, November 16, 1999/Supplement, San Francisco, USA, 1999.
  21. Zhou, X., and S. Li, " Measurement and modeling of the spectral albedo of snow and sea ice in Ross Sea in Austral Summer", oral presentation at 50th Arctic Science Conference, Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, USA, 19-22 September 1999.
  22. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "High Resolution Sea Ice Surface BRDF Measurements in the Ross Sea in Austral Winter", Poster, 49th Arctic Science Conference/IARC Inauguration, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA, 25-28 October 1998.
  23. Li, S., X. Zhou, and K. Morris, "Multi-Sensor Measurements and Comparisons of Winter Sea Ice and Snow Temperatures in the Ross Sea in 1998", Poster, 49th Arctic Science Conference/IARC Inauguration, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA, Program and Abstracts, p. 54, 25-28 October 1998.
  24. Zhou, X., and S. Li, "A Comparison Study of Snow Surface BRDF Measured in the Ross Sea and Alaska Regions", in 1998 Fall Meeting American Geophysical Union, AGU volume 79, San Francisco, USA, November 10, 1998.
  25. Li, S., X. Zhou, and K. Morris, "Snow and Sea Ice Surface Temperature and Its Variability in the Ross Sea Measured during a 1998 Winter Cruise", in 1998 Fall Meeting American Geophysical Union, AGU volume 79, No. 45, H11A-16, F270, San Francisco, USA, November 10, 1998.
  26. Zhou, X., G. Sheng, J. Huang, P. Deng, Y. Zhu, and Z. Xie, “Design and optimization of the divertor of the Fusion Experimental Breeder", The Fourth International Symposium on Fusion Nuclear Technology, Tokyo, Japan, April 6-11, 1997.
  27. Zhou, X., G. Sheng, X. Xie, and J. Huang,  “Impurity transport in the edge region of the core of the Fusion Experimental Breeder (FEB)”, presented at: The 6th Symposium on Numerical Computational and Particle Transport in Nuclear Reactors, Guilin, Oct.14 – 18, 1996.
  28. Zhou, X., G. Sheng, X. Xie, J. Huang, “Operation analysis of the divertor plate of the Fusion Experimental Breeder”, in: Proc. of the 3nd Sino-Japan Symposium on Materials for Advanced Energy Systems, Chengdu, China, Oct.30-Nov.2, 1995. 
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